1.1 Guhinduka: Sisitemu nshya yimbaraga zihura nibibazo
Mubikorwa bya "karuboni ebyiri", ubwinshi bwumuyaga nizuba bitanga ingufu biriyongera cyane.Imiterere yo gutanga ingufu izagenda ihinduka buhoro buhoro hamwe na “dual carbone”, kandi umugabane w'amashanyarazi adafite ingufu ziyongera uziyongera vuba.Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa buracyashingira cyane ku mashanyarazi.Muri 2020, amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa yageze kuri tiriyari 5.33 kWh, bingana na 71.2%;Umubare w'amashanyarazi ni 7.51%.
Kwihuta kwingufu zumuyaga hamwe na gride ihuza amashanyarazi bitera ibibazo sisitemu nshya.Amashanyarazi asanzwe yubushyuhe afite ubushobozi bwo guhagarika imbaraga zitaringanijwe ziterwa nimpinduka muburyo bwo gukora cyangwa umutwaro mugihe cya gride ikora, kandi ifite ituze rikomeye no kurwanya kwivanga.Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya "dual carbone", igipimo cyumuyaga nizuba kigenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi kubaka amashanyarazi mashya bihura nibibazo byinshi.
1) Imbaraga z'umuyaga zifite imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi ibisohoka byerekana ibintu biranga umutwaro.Imihindagurikire ntarengwa ya buri munsi yingufu zumuyaga irashobora kugera kuri 80% yubushobozi bwashyizweho, kandi ihindagurika ridasanzwe rituma ingufu zumuyaga zidashobora guhangana nubusumbane bwamashanyarazi muri sisitemu.Umusaruro mwinshi wingufu zumuyaga usanga mugitondo cya kare, kandi ibisohoka ni bike kuva mugitondo kugeza nimugoroba, hamwe nibintu byingenzi biranga imitwaro.
2) Ihindagurika ryagaciro rya Photovoltaque isohoka buri munsi irashobora kugera 100% yubushobozi bwashyizweho.Dufashe akarere ka Californiya muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, kwaguka kwaguka kwamafoto yashizwemo byongereye icyifuzo cyo kogosha byihuse amashanyarazi yandi mashanyarazi muri sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, ndetse n’imihindagurikire y’ibicuruzwa biva mu mafoto ya buri munsi bishobora no kugera ku 100%.
Ibintu bine byingenzi biranga sisitemu nshya yimbaraga: Sisitemu nshya yingufu zifite ibintu bine byingenzi biranga:
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3) Ihinduka kandi ryoroshye: Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ugomba kuba ufite ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo kugenzura impinga ninshuro, kugera kubintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye, no kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwivanga;
4) Umutekano kandi ushobora kugenzurwa: kugera ku kwaguka guhuza urwego rwa voltage ya AC na DC, gukumira kunanirwa kwa sisitemu hamwe ningaruka nini.
1.2 Drive: Ibice bitatu bisabwa byemeza iterambere ryihuse ryububiko bwingufu
Mu bwoko bushya bwa sisitemu yingufu, kubika ingufu birakenewe kubintu byinshi bizunguruka, bikora imiterere mishya y "ububiko bwingufu +".Hano harakenewe byihutirwa ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi, kuruhande rwa gride, no kuruhande rwabakoresha.
1) Uruhande rwingufu: Kubika ingufu birashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byubufasha bwumurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi, kugarura ingufu zamashanyarazi, guhindagurika gusohora neza, nibindi bintu kugirango bikemure ibibazo byumutekano muke hamwe no guta amashanyarazi biterwa numuyaga nizuba.
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3) Uruhande rwabakoresha: Abakoresha barashobora guha ibikoresho ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu kugirango babike ikiguzi binyuze mu kogosha no kwuzuza ikibaya, gushiraho amashanyarazi asubizwa inyuma kugirango amashanyarazi akomeze, kandi atezimbere amashanyarazi agendanwa kandi yihutirwa.
Uruhande rwimbaraga: Kubika ingufu bifite igipimo kinini cyo gusaba kuruhande rwimbaraga.Ikoreshwa ryububiko bwingufu kuruhande rwingufu zirimo ahanini kunoza imiterere ya gride yingufu, kwitabira serivisi zifasha, guhitamo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no kugabanya ubukana, no gutanga backup.Ibyibandwaho mu gutanga amashanyarazi ahanini ni ugukomeza kuringaniza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, guhuza ingufu z'umuyaga n'izuba.
Uruhande rwa gride: Kubika ingufu birashobora kongera ubworoherane nubworoherane bwimiterere ya sisitemu, bigafasha kugabura byigihe gito nu mwanya wo kohereza no kugabura.Ikoreshwa ryububiko bwingufu kuruhande rwa gride ririmo ibintu bine: kubungabunga ingufu no kuzamura imikorere, gutinda gushora imari, gutabara byihutirwa, no kuzamura ubwiza bwamashanyarazi.
Uruhande rwabakoresha: ahanini rugenewe abakoresha.Porogaramu yo kubika ingufu kuruhande rwabakoresha harimo cyane cyane kogosha no kuzuza ikibaya, kugarura amashanyarazi, gutwara abantu neza, kubika ingufu zabaturage, kwizerwa kwamashanyarazi, nizindi nzego.Umukoresha kuruhande
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-29-2023